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DNA Research 2002 9(3):89-97; doi:10.1093/dnares/9.3.89
© 2002 by Kazusa DNA Research Institute
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Identification of Two Novel Primate-Specific Genes in DSCR

Kunihiko Takamatsu1 {dagger}, Kohei Maekawa1,2 {dagger}, Takushi Togashi3, Dong-Kug Choi1, Yutaka Suzuki2,3, Todd D. Taylor2, Atsushi Toyoda2, Sumio Sugano3, Asao Fujiyama2,4, Masahira Hattori2, Yoshiyuki Sakaki1,2,* and Tadayuki Takeda2

1Laboratory of Functional Genomics Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
2Human Genome Research Group, RIKEN Genomic Sciences Center 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
3Laboratory of Genome Structure Analysis Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
4Research Information Research Division, National Institute of Informatics 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 101-8430, Japan

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan. Tel. +81-3-5449 5622, Fax. +81-3-5449 5445, E-mail: sakaki{at}ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp

We recently helped to complete the sequence of human chromosome 21 at a very high level of accuracy. Using this sequence we identified two novel genes, designated DSCR9 and DSCR10, in the so-called Down Syndrome Critical Region (DSCR) by computational gene prediction and subsequent cDNA cloning. Both DSCR9 and DSCR10 are expressed preferentially in testis and encode functionally unknown proteins with 149 and 87 amino acid residues, respectively. Zoo blot analysis suggested that both genes are exclusive to primate genomes such as chimpanzee, gorilla, orangutan, crab-eating monkey and African green monkey but are not present in other non-primate mammals including mouse, dog, cat, and chicken. Comparative genomic sequence analysis of DSCR9 and DSCR10 with the corresponding mouse syntenic region confirmed the lack of these genes in the mouse. These results strongly suggest that DSCR9 and DSCR10 have emerged as a new class of gene in the primate lineage during evolution.

Key words: cDNA cloning; Down Syndrome Critical Region; primate-specific genes

{dagger} These authors contributed equally to this work.


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