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DNA Research Advance Access originally published online on December 13, 2006
DNA Research 2006 13(6):245-254; doi:10.1093/dnares/dsl014
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© The Author 2006. Kazusa DNA Research Institute.
The online version of this article has been published under an open access model. Users are entitled to use, reproduce, disseminate, or display the open access version of this article for non-commercial purposes provided that: the original authorship is properly and fully attributed; the Journal and Oxford University Press are attributed as the original place of publication with the correct citation details given; if an article is subsequently reproduced or disseminated not in its entirety but only in part or as a derivative work this must be clearly indicated. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Exploration and Grading of Possible Genes from 183 Bacterial Strains by a Common Protocol to Identification of New Genes: Gene Trek in Prokaryote Space (GTPS)

Takehide Kosuge1, Takashi Abe1, Toshihisa Okido1, Naoto Tanaka1,2,3, Masaki Hirahata1,2, Yutaka Maruyama1,2, Jun Mashima1, Aki Tomiki1, Motoyoshi Kurokawa4, Ryutaro Himeno4, Satoshi Fukuchi1, Satoru Miyazaki1,3, Takashi Gojobori1, Yoshio Tateno1 and Hideaki Sugawara1,*

1 Center for Information Biology, DNA Data Bank of Japan, National Institute of Genetics, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
2 Institute for Bioinformatics Research and Development (BIRD), Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST) Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8666, Japan
3 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda Chiba 278-8510, Japan
4 Advanced Center for Computing and Communication, RIKEN, Wako Saitama 351-0198, Japan

A large number of complete microorganism genomes has been sequenced and submitted to the public database and then incorporated into our complete genome database, Genome Information Broker (GIB, http://gib.genes.nig.ac.jp/). However, when comparative genomics is carried out, researchers must be aware that there are protein-coding genes not confirmed by homology or motif search and that reliable protein-coding genes are missing. Therefore, we developed a protocol (Gene Trek in Prokaryote Space, GTPS) for finding possible protein-coding genes in bacterial genomes. GTPS assigns a degree of reliability to predicted protein-coding genes. We first systematically applied the protocol to the complete genomes of all 123 bacterial species and strains that were publicly available as of July 2003, and then to those of 183 species and strains available as of September 2004. We found a number of incorrect genes and several new ones in the genome data in question. We also found a way to estimate the total number of orthologous genes in the bacterial world.

Key words: comparative genome; gene prediction; annotation; gene grading; bacterial genome


*To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel. +81-55-981-6895. Fax +81-55-981-6896, E-mail: hsugawar{at}genes.nig.ac.jp

Communicated by Dr Katsumi Isono


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