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DNA Research 2004 11(1):51-56; doi:10.1093/dnares/11.1.51
© 2004 by Kazusa DNA Research Institute
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Nucleotide Substitutions in Staphylococcus aureus Strains, Mu50, Mu3, and N315

Toshiko Ohta1,*, Hideki Hirakawa2, Kazuya Morikawa1, Atsushi Maruyama1, Yumiko Inose1, Atsushi Yamashita3, Kenshiro Oshima3, Makoto Kuroda4, Masahira Hattori3,5, Keiichi Hiramatsu4, Satoru Kuhara2 and Hideo Hayashi1

1Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennohdai, Tukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
2Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu university 6-10-1, Hakozaki, Higashi-ku Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
3Kitasato Institute for Life Science, Kitasato University 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 228-0829, Japan
4Department of Baceriology, Juntendo Unverisity 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
5Human Genome Research Group, RIKEN Genomic Sciences Center 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel. & Fax. +81-29-853-3454, E-mail: tohta{at}sakura.cc.tsukuba.ac.jp

A specific phenotype of Staphylococcus aureus strains Mu50 and Mu3 is characterized by thickened cell wall and moderate resistance to vancomycin. The N315 strain is a prototype of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), but it is methicillin susceptible, despite carrying the mecA resistance gene. Here, we revised differences in the sequences of Mu50 and N315, referencing that of Mu3 which were assumed to be of one lineage. The 362 ORFs diverse between Mu50 and N315 were picked up, and the corresponding ones in three strains were re-sequenced. This defined 213 ORFs diverse between Mu50 and N315, and 9 between Mu50 and Mu3.

The fixed diversities of 174 ORFs (except for 39 silent ORFs from 213), including nucleotide substitution (NSs), frame shift, and truncation were grouped into three major functional categories, which were transport (14.9% in the 174 diverse ORFs), metabolism of carbohydrates (5.7%), and RNA synthesis (9.6%). The other gene categories had small diversities. These gene categories seemed to be functionally decisive for the Mu50-specific characters, the thickened cell wall and moderate vancomycin resistance. All of the diverse genes and the high quality sequence of Mu50 can be viewed at the web site (http://133.5.48.239/VRSA).

Key words: Genome; Sequence; Nucleotide substitution; Staphylococcus aureus


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